追肥对有机生态型无土栽培辣椒生长发育与产量的影响

Effects of top-dressing fertilizer on growth and yield of pepper in eco-organic type soilless culture

以辣椒为试材,采用有机生态型无土栽培方式种植,用尿素、磷酸二铵和硫酸钾作肥料,研究追肥对辣椒的株高、茎粗、根系体积、全株干鲜质量和产量的影响.结果表明:追肥可以促进辣椒的生长发育、增加产量,不同N、P、K配比追肥的辣椒各项生长指标和产量均有显著差异,其中施磷酸二铵、硫酸钾分别为8.076、19.616kg.667 m-2.次-1的配方优于尿素、磷酸二铵、硫酸钾分别为4.295、4.038、19.616 kg.667m-2.次-1的配方,定植125 d时,2种配方追肥的辣椒株高较对照分别增高8.49%、11.60%,茎粗分别增大20.39%、11.24%,根系体积分别增大14.26%、23.69%,全株鲜质量分别增大24.02%、12.46%,全株干质量分别增大49.80%、61.82%;产量分别为1 784.9、1 676.8 kg.667m-2,较对照分别增产36.40%、28.14%.

Effects of top-dressing fertilizer on plant height,stem diameter,root volume,whole plant fresh weight,whole plant dry weight and yield of pepper in eco-organic type soilless culture were studied with urea,phosphorus and potassium as fertilizers in eco-organic type soilless culture.The results showed that top-dressing fertilizer promoted growth of pepper and increased yield.Nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium ratio of different application to the indexes of growth and yield to pepper had significant differences with fertilizer supply,the treatment that phosphorus and potassium were 8.076,19.616 kg·667 m-2 per time and the treatment that urea,phosphorus and potassium were 4.295,4.038 and 19.616 kg·667 m-2 per time showed better,compared with the plant treated without fertilizer supply,the plant height increased by 8.49%,11.60%,stem diameter increased by 20.39%,11.24%,root volume increased by 14.26%,23.69%,whole plant fresh weight increased by 24.02%,12.46%,whole plant dry weight increased by 49.80%,61.82%,respectively.The maximum yield reached 1 784.9 kg·667 m-2,then 1 676.8 kg·667 m-2,36.39% and 28.13% higher than that of treated without fertilizer supply.