土壤-蔬菜系统中邻苯二甲酸酯的研究进展

Progresses on phthalic acid esters in the soil-vegetable system

邻苯二甲酸酯(PAEs)是一类重要的环境毒性有机污染物和环境激素类污染物。随着人们对蔬菜等农产品质量安全的关注和担忧,土壤-蔬菜系统的有机污染越来越受重视。国内外对土壤-蔬菜系统的PAEs进行了较多的调查和研究。综述了土壤、蔬菜中PAEs的污染特征及其来源;PAEs在土壤-蔬菜系统中的环境行为包括迁移分布、吸收累积规律和降解作用等。文献资料显示,土壤和蔬菜中频繁检测到PAEs化合物,以邻苯二甲酸双(2-乙基己基)酯(DEHP)和邻苯二甲酸正二丁酯(DnBP)的检出频率和含量水平较高。来源于不同基地的土壤和(不同品种)蔬菜中单个PAEs化合物浓度及其总浓度差异较大。国内外主要通过盆栽试验研究了PAEs在土壤-蔬菜系统的环境行为。结果显示,土壤中的PAEs会被蔬菜根系吸收、向蔬菜的地上部运移并在地上部累积,但蔬菜体内累积的PAEs量占土壤初始含量的1%以下。

Phthalic acid esters（PAEs） is a class of important toxic organic contaminants and environmental endocrine disrupting chemicals.Concerns have arisen about potential contamination of soil-vegetable system with toxic contaminants.Large number of surveys and studies on PAEs of soil-vegetable system at home and abroad have been conducted during recent decade.This paper summarizes the pollution characteristcs of PAEs in the soil and vegetable and their sources,the environmental behavior of PAEs（including transportation,accumulation,degradation） in soil-vegetable system.The literature shows that PAE compounds have been frequently detected in soil and vegetables,particularly for di-n-butyl phthalate（DnBP） and di（2-ethylhexyl） phthalate（DEHP） which were with higher occurrence and higher concentrations.The concentrations of individual PAE compound and their total concentrations in soil and vegetables were varied with different vegetable field and various cultivars of vegetables.Until now,the environmental behavior of PAEs in soil-vegetable system has been investigated mainly through pot experiments.The results of literature show that PAE compounds in soil could be uptaked by roots of vegetable and transported from roots to shoots and accumulated finally in shoots.But the accumulation of PAEs in vegetables were considerably low and accounted for less than 1% of the initial PAE concentration in the soil.