1Freud,Sigmund.On Metapsychology :The Theory ofPsychoanalysis.Trans.And ed.James Strachey.London :The Hogarth Press and the Institute of Psycho-Qnalysis, 1979.
2Freud,Sigmund.The Ego and the Id.Trans.And ed. James Strachey.New York : Norton, 1960.
3Hwang,David Henry. "M.Butterfly".Heahh Anthol- ogy of American Literatrure.Ed.Paul Lauter.4th ed.Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 2001 : 2824-72.
