大麦不同生长发育阶段施用稀施保的效果研究

Study on the Effect of Xishibao on Barley in Different Growth Stages

株高降低后可以增强植株的抗倒伏能力,在一定程度上提高产量和品质。以秆型不同的2个大麦品种单二(二棱高秆)和盐99175(二棱矮秆)为试材,在大麦不同生育时期(分蘖末拨节前、拨节孕穗期、始穗期),喷施不同浓度(施用量0 L/hm2、0.6 L/hm2、1.2 L/hm2、1.8 L/hm2和2.4 L/hm2,对水150 L/hm2喷雾)的稀施保,研究大麦不同生长发育阶段施用不同浓度稀施保对其株高、相关节位长度、产量性状及产量的影响。结果表明:对降低株高起关键作用的是缩短穗下节长度,其次是缩短倒二节长度,而倒三节及以后各节长度对降低株高影响不大;在拨节孕穗期和始穗期施用稀施保均可有效降低株高,其中在始穗期施用降幅最大,但稀施保施用量和施用时期对不同大麦品种的产量性状影响效果不同。稀施保施用时期与施用量对2个品种的穗长、实粒数和空粒数均影响不大,但对千粒重和产量有一定影响,且不同用量处理间差异显著。单二大麦在始穗期施用1.8 L/hm2条件下获得最高产量为6 145.2 kg/hm2,盐99175大麦在拨节孕穗期施用1.8 L/hm2条件下获得最高产量为6 952.7 kg/hm2。

Using two barley varieties Daner（two rowed-tall barley） and Yan 99175（two rowed-dwarf barley） as the materials,the effects of spraying different concentrations of Xishibao on the plant height,internodes length,yield characters and yield were studied in different growth stages.The results showed that shortening the length of the internode below spike plays a key role in reducing the plant height,and the second is shortening the first internode played an important role in reducing the plant height,then shortening the second internode,while shortening the third and other internodes had no influence on reducing the plant height.The plant height was effectively reduced by applying Xishibao in the grains-filling and jointing stages,and there were significant effect in grains-filling period.The application amount and stage had little influence on the spike length,filled grain number and empty grain number of two varieties,while they had influences on the 1 000-grain weight and yield,and there were significant differences among different contentions of Xishibao.The maximum yield of Daner was 6 145.2 kg/hm2 with 1.8 L/hm2 Xishibao in the grains-filling stage,and that of Yan 99175 was 6 952.7 kg/hm2 with 1.8 L/hm2 Xishibao in the jointing stage.