马铃薯“3414+1”肥效试验

3414+1 Fertilizer Efficiency Experiment for Potato

在贵州省金沙县,以马铃薯品种会-2为试材,肥料种类为尿素、过磷酸钙、硫酸钾和有机肥(牛圈肥),设置"3414+1"肥效试验(化肥施用设计为3414设计、有机肥施用为基施15 000 kg/hm2,其中尿素80%作基肥、10%在齐苗期作第1次追肥、10%在现蕾期作第2次追肥,磷肥、钾肥和有机肥全部作基肥),研究不同施肥处理的马铃薯产量和经济效益,旨为确定该区马铃薯的需肥规律、施肥量和施肥时期。结果表明:施肥后推迟了马铃薯生育时期,能够提高马铃薯产量和经济效益,其中施尿素391.35 kg/hm2、过磷酸钙750 kg/hm2和氯化钾660 kg/hm2效果最好,马铃薯产量最高(13 873.5 kg/hm2,较CK增产95.6%)且单位面积纯收益最大(28 417.5元/hm2)。

Using potato variety Hui-2 as the material,the fertilizers included urea,superphosphate,potassium sulfate and organic manure,and the effects of different fertilization treatments on the yield and economic benefit of potato were studied in order to determine the fertilizer requirement regularity,fertilizer rate and fertilization time.The fertilizer application was designed by 3414 method,15 000 kg/hm2 organic manure was applied as basal manure,80% of urea was used as basal manure,10% was used to topdressing at adequate seedling stage and budding stage,respectively,and P and K fertilizers were used as basal manure.The results showed the fertilization could delay the growth stages,and increase the yield and economic benefit.The effect of 391.35 kg/hm2 urea,750 kg/hm2 superphosphate and 660 kg/hm2 potassium chloride was the best,with which the yield was the highest（13 873.5 kg/hm2）and the net income per area was the highest（28 417.5 Yuan/hm2）.