合成氯乙烯单体非汞触媒的研究现状及存在问题

Development Current Situation & Existing Problem of the Non-mercury Catalyst of the Synthesis Vinyl Chloride Monomer

目前氯乙烯单体的工业合成方法主要有乙炔氢氯化法和乙烯氧氯化法。在我国,大约70%氯乙烯单体采用乙炔氢氯化法生产。这是由我国的特殊能源结构所决定的。而乙炔氢氯化法工艺路线一直采用剧毒的氯化汞/活性炭为催化剂,该催化剂易挥发流失,对工人健康及当地环境造成了严重的危害。如何消除汞触媒污染,现乙炔氢氯化合成氯乙烯清洁工艺路线,是摆在化学工艺工作者面前关于氯碱行业的函待解决的问题。

Vinyl chloride monomer（VCM） is mainly used for syn- thesis of polyvinyl chloride（PVC）, In our country, about 70~/~o of vinyl chloride monomer products are produced from the acetylene hydrochlorination. This is determined by our special energy struc- ture. Acetylene hydrochlorination-poisonous activated carbon sup- ported HgC12 catalyst has been used in this process. The toxicity and volatility of the catalyst causes serious damage to the work- ers and environment. It is a great challenge for the whole chlor-alkali industry to eliminate or reduce the pollution caused by the catalyst.