老年脑卒中患者复发因素的分析及预防措施

Analysis of relevant risk factors and prevention of recurrence of stroke in the elderly patients

目的探讨老年脑卒中患者复发的相关危险因素以及防治措施。方法按三年内是否复发将106例老年脑卒中患者分为两组：复发组（研究组）46例和对照组60例。采用多因素Logistic逐步回归分析，筛选脑卒中复发相关因素。结果吸烟、酗酒、抑郁、焦虑及高血压是脑卒中复发的主要危险因素（OR〉1）。规律的作息、积极接受健康教育、进行康复训练及良好的用药依从性等是脑卒中复发的主要保护因素（OR〈1）。具有统计学意义的纳入因素是康复训练、健康教育的参与程度，高血压，规律作息，规律用药（用药依从性）（P〈0．05）。结论应当对导致脑卒中复发的不良个人生活方式、社会因素及病理生理因素进行干预。调动患者和医生的主观能动性，积极参与到以社区为基础，以“三级防治”为指导思想的脑卒中防治中来。脑卒中的复发可以最大程度得到预防。

Objective To investigate the relevant risk factors and prevention of recurrence of stroke in the elderly patients. Methods 106 elderly cases with stroke were divided into observation group （re-stroke within 3 years, n =46） and control group （without recurrent stroke, n =60）. Risk factors were analyzed with multiple logistic regression. Results Smoking, alcoholic, negative emotion and high blood pressure were major risk factors （OR〉 1）, and favorable habit, education and intervention were the main protecting factors （OR 〈 1）. Conclusions Life styles, social effect as well as pathophysiological factors all have effects on the causes of recurrence of stroke. Recurrence of stroke patients can be prevented to the maximum extent when the relevant risk factors of stroke are highly regarded.