都市扩张与城市英雄主义——19世纪法国现实主义艺术中的审美重构

City Expansion and City Heroism——the Reconstruction of Art of 19th Century French Realist Aesthetic

19世纪资本主义城市扩展产生了城市现实的＂物化＂以及人格的＂异化＂,马克思主义革命学说虽能动摇城市的政治-经济宏大结构,却无法在根本上实现城市日常生活微观结构的革命,安顿人的精神。与之相比,发生在19世纪法国现实主义艺术中的＂城市英雄主义＂,则为城市个体在＂物化＂现实中重构现实、安顿自我开辟了一条审美重构之路。城市英雄主义是19世纪拿破仑精神的革命遗留,科学主义、凡俗世界与历史真实,是其对抗＂物化＂现实的三个维度。

19th century capitalist city＇s expansion created the real materialization and the alienation of character.The revolutionary theory of Marxism,being able to shake the city＇s Political Economic structure,but is not essential to achieve the revolution of microstructure of daily city life which is to settle the human spirit.In contrast,the city heroism of French Realist Art in the 19th century,for the reconstruction of city individuality in the materialization,had opened up a road of aesthetic reconstruction.City heroism is the revolutionary spirit of the 19th century legacy of Napoleon.Scientism,mundane world and the historical truth are the three dimensions of its confrontation of materialization reality.