质心系库仑散射公式研究

Study on Coulomb Scattering Formula in Center-of-mass Coordinate System

介绍了α粒子散射实验的理论基础,讨论了在考虑靶原子核运动情况下质心系中的库仑散射公式,并与在假设靶原子核静止情况下实验室系中的库仑散射公式相比较.结果表明:考虑靶原子核运动时,对库仑散射公式进行修正给出的结果更精确,能够减小入射粒子与靶原子核质量相差不大情况下的实验误差,适用范围更广.

In this paper,the theoretical principle of α-particle scattering experiment is introduced,and the Coulomb scattering formula is discussed while considering the movement of target nucleus in center-of-mass system,and compared with the results from popular system which assumped the target nucleus is stationary.The results showed that： considering the movement of the target nucleus,the modified Coulomb scattering formula gives more accurate results,reduce the experimental error when the mass of incident particle and target nucleus are similar,and has wider field of application.