谶纬与汉代迁都思潮之关系

Relationship between Chen wei and thoughts in moving capital in Han Dynasty

依据文献史料,分析了谶纬与汉代迁都思潮之间的关系、谶纬对汉代都城文化的影响。分析认为,西汉末士人欲以迁都解"更命"之危机,王莽欲迁都以应谶纬;光武修旧都以证其承"尧后火德"之正统,却导致了人们的迁都之念;明帝时人们怀疑都洛不应天命,于是迁都之议再起;董卓以图谶为由迁都长安,曹操迎天子于许昌,曹丕应图谶而代汉。分析还认为,迁都思潮往往是国家信仰危机的产物,往往与权力之争和政权变迁密切相关;受谶纬天命思想影响,都城不再仅仅是行政区域的代称,往往成为天命的象征。

Based on historical documents,the close relationship between Chen wei and thoughts in moving capital in Han Dynasty is analyzed in the paper.Some people advocate that moving capital to Chang＇an could save Han Empire.WANG Mang moved capital to Chang＇an for Chen wei;and the Em-peror Guangwu repaired the old capital in order to demonstrate the legitimism of his power,which led to the thought of moving capital for someone.Some people suspected that building capital in Chang＇an was unfit to God＇s will,which led to the thought of moving capital again.DONG Zhuo moved capital to Chang＇an for Chen wei,then CAO Cao moved the Empire of Han Dynasty to Xuchang.As a result,the Empire of Han Dynasty was replaced by CAO Pi.The auther finds that the crisis of belief was the important reason of the appearance of Chen wei,because politics became more mystical and unreasonable under the influence of Chen wei.The capital,at that time,was already the symbol of God＇s will and the city of central authorities.