中国人力资本受教育水平研究

Investigation for educational level of human capital in China

为厘清中国人力资本受教育水平特点和空间差异性,借助GIS技术,采用4大类23个指标,运用多指标综合评价方法研究了中国31个省、直辖市、自治区人力资本受教育的综合水平、空间的集中程度。分析认为,6岁以上人口受教育呈现不均衡态势,男女受不同教育水平的比重略有不同;20种不同行业之间人力资本受教育程度差异较大,受不同教育水平的空间集中程度从大到小依次为:大专及以上、未上学、高中、小学、初中;东部沿海地区人力资本积累在规模和质量上均高于西部内陆地区,与自然地势相反,东部沿海地区内部从北向南受教育综合水平呈"W"形结构,受教育水平与经济差异性在空间上表现出一致的规律。

In order to know clearly the characterics and space differences of the educational levels of China＇s human capital,this paper,with the help of GIS techniques and 23 indicators in the 4 categories collected from China＇s 31 provines,analyzes the comprehensive levels of education and space concentration.The analysis shows that the educational levels for the age above 6 have an unbablanced form;there is some difference for both male and female in education;and there exist great differences of education in the 20 different professions,the order of which is： two-year college graduate and above,uneducated,senior school education,primary education and junor school education.As for the geographical reasons,there is a better accumulation and scale of human capital in the eastern area than that in the western area and people in the eastern area are more educated.In contrary to the natural geography,the educational level within the eastern area has the＂W＂structure from the north to the south,which shows the unified law between the economic development and educational level.