基于环境一号小卫星CCD图像的滨海湿地监测研究

Study on Coastal Wetlands Monitoring Based on HJ-1 CCD Image

湿地生态系统是与森林和海洋并列的三大生态系统之一,在全球气候和环境保护中发挥着非常重要的作用,因此,湿地的监测对环境保护和人类健康至关重要。本文以渤海湾-莱州湾为研究区域,利用环境与灾害监测预报小卫星(简称HJ-1)CCD图像通过分层分类法提取滨海湿地的分布,并以黄骅市为例对湿地的变化进行景观格局的动态分析。结果表明,利用HJ-1 CCD图像进行滨海湿地的监测是可行的,且与Landsat图像相比HJ-1 CCD数据具有高获取频率和宽覆盖范围,从而可以为湿地分布和变化的监测与管理提供经济有效的支撑。对湿地景观格局的评价表明,由于人类活动的影响,近年来湿地景观正在悄然地发生变化,天然湿地逐渐减少,人工湿地相对增多,人类的影响正日益加剧,需要引起重视。

As one of the three main ecosystems which are juxtaposed with forest and marine on earth,the wetland ecosystem is playing a very important role in protecting the global climate and ecological environment.Therefore,monitoring wetlands,especially coastal wetlands,is vital to environment protection and human health.Taking the coastal wetlands of Bohai Bay to Laizhou Bay of China as study area,this paper puts forward the hierarchical classification method of wetlands information utilizing images of the multi-spectral CCD cameras of the environment and disaster monitoring and forecasting satellite constellation（HJ-1）.Additionally,it analyzes the landscape pattern change of wetland in Huanghua.The result of this study indicates the possibility and feasibility of HJ-1 CCD image for monitoring of coastal wetland and assessment of the landscape pattern changes.For its high revisiting frequency and scanning swath,HJ-1 CCD image has potential to reduce operational costs and provide an important support to the wetland ecosystem management.Additionally,due to the influence of human activities,the landscape pattern of coastal wetlands in the study area is changed quietly in recent years,which is needed to be paid more attention to.