中古汉语词义研究札记

Notes on Some Words in Medieval Chinese

将中古汉语词语"貌哨"、"帀帀"、"空"纳入从东汉到宋的整个语料背景中考察,可知"貌哨"不是一般理解的描写容貌的词,而是表示态度的形容词;"帀帀"的词义不是"形容水沸腾的样子",而是"密集"的意思;"空"在中古时期具有"单一,素的"的词义。之所以误释,是因为这些词语的词义发生了虚化,所以在确定其词义时,就不能仅仅满足于考察上下文,还要结合词语本身的演变轨迹,通过词义系统去求证。

The meaning of MaoShao （貌哨） is not about people＇s looks, but about people＇s manners. ZaZa （帀帀） means ＂crowded＂ instead of ＂boiling water＂. The meaning of Kong （空 ） is plain instead of signal. When explaining the meanings of these words, we shall not only depend on the contexts but also consider the evolutionary manners of the words, and utilize its semantic systems to ascertain the same as well.