唐代的方言研究及其方言观念

The Dialect Research and Dialect Concept of Tang Dynasty

唐代音译、注疏、笔记等著作里零零星星地记录了不少方言现象,包括语音、词汇、语法,但以语音现象为多。记录的方言主要来自前人著作以及当时各地的方言俗语。所提到的方言地域,大致以秦岭-淮河为界,分为南北两大片。涉及的方言现象,既有通语的变异,也有方俗语言的变化,分成了正音、时俗语、方言三个层次。

Many transliteration works,annotation works and sketches of Tang Dynasty record various dialectal phenomena dispersely,including lexical and grammatical,and mostly phonetic phenomena.The dialect recorded in these works in majority come from the predecessors＇ works,the vulgarism and dialect of contemporary different districts.The dialectal districts mentioned in these works are roughly divided into two parts,south and north,along the Qinling Mountains-Huaihe River line.The dialectal phenomena involved in these works,not only include the variations of common language,but also the variations of dialect and vulgarism.As a result these phenomena can be divided into three levels： standard phonetics,vulgarism and dialect.