张凤翼戏曲用韵反映出的四百年前的苏州话语音特点

Some Phonetic Features of Suzhou Dialect Four Hundred Years Ago revealed by the Rhymes in Zhang Fengyi's Dramas

明代流传下来的大量的传奇戏曲作品是研究明代语音史和方音史的重要资料。文章运用韵脚字归纳法研究了明中叶苏州传奇作家张凤翼五部传世戏曲作品的用韵。结合明清戏曲理论家的论述、现代苏州方言及其文白异读现象以及当代学者的研究,文章认为张氏戏曲用韵的很多现象(如家麻车遮相押,鱼模歌戈相押、支微鱼相押、皆来与齐微合口字相押、庚真侵相押等)反映的是16世纪苏州话的语音特点。

Large number of drama works handed down from Ming dynasty are important materials for studying the history of Chinese phonology and dialects in Ming dynasty.This paper studies the rhymes of the 5 dramas by Zhang Fengyi,a dramatist in Suzhou in the mid-Ming dynasty,by examing the rhymes demonstrated in his dramas.By referring to modern Suzhou dialect and the works of some Ming and Qing drama theorists and contemporary scholars,this paper reveals many phonetic features of the Suzhou dialect in the 16th century.