不同嫁接组合对西瓜植株生长及果实品质的影响

Effects of Grafting Combinations on the Plant Growth and Fruit Quality in Watermelon(Citrullus lanatus)

采用优质中大果型西瓜品种中科1号为接穗,常规一段嫁接用抗生王、超丰F1、西嫁强生、京欣砧3号、野生西瓜1号、野生西瓜2号为砧木,二段嫁接采用西嫁强生作基砧、超丰F1作中间砧,研究了常规一段嫁接法与二段嫁接法对西瓜生长发育及果实品质的影响。结果表明,采用二段嫁接的西瓜植株生长势、抗枯萎病能力、单果质量、小区产量、中心可溶性固形物含量、瓜瓤果胶含量在所有嫁接组合中表现最佳,果实脆度与对照差异不显著。南瓜类砧木西嫁强生、京欣砧3号在生产上可大量推广,同时二段嫁接法具有一定的推广价值。

Two different grafting methods,one-stage（one rootstock ＋ one scion）and two-stage（rootstock 1 ＋ rootstock 1 ＋ scion）,were used to test the effects of grafting combinations on watermelon plant growth and fruit quality.Watermelon cultivar Zhongke No.1,a high quality seeded watermelon with large fruit size,was the scion for all rootstock varieties and combination.For one-stage grafting,Kangshengwang,Chaofeng F1,Xijia Qiangsheng,Jingxinzhen No.3,Wild Watermelon No.1 and Wild Watermelon No.2 were used as rootstocks.For two-stage grafting,Xijia Qiangsheng was used as the base rootstock and Chaofeng F1 was used as the inter-stock.The results showed that plant growth,disease resistance,fruit weight,yield,central sugar content,flesh pectin content of the two-stage grafted watermelon were the best among all grafting combinations.The flesh crispness of the two-stage grafted watermelon was not significantly different from other combinations tested.Interspecific squash rootstocks Xijia Qiangsheng and Jingxinzhen No.3 are recommended for watermelon grafting production,and two-stage grafting method has some value for watermelon production.