适应气候的寒冷地区学生公寓体形设计

Building Shape Design of Student Apartments Adapting to the Climate in Cold Regions

以寒冷地区学生公寓为研究对象,重点分析了公寓体形与气候、能耗和室内热环境的关系.利用计算机模拟目前普遍使用的条形公寓的能耗与室内热环境状况,针对存在的问题,从保温、避风、采光、通风等方面论述了适应气候的公寓体形设计策略.理想的节能公寓建筑体形是与气候密不可分的,必须综合考虑围护结构传热、太阳能得热、自然通风和采光,权衡得热和失热,优化组合各种影响因素,最终确定寒冷地区学生公寓的建筑体形.

Taking the student apartments in cold regions as the study object,this paper analyzes the relationship between the apartment shape and the climate,energy consumption and indoor thermal environment.Aiming at the existing problems,the authors use the computer to simulate the energy consumption and indoor thermal environment of the strip apartments which are now very popular and expound the design strategy of the apartment shape adapting to the climate from the insulation,shelter,lighting,ventilation and other aspects.The ideal construction body shape of energy-saving apartments is inseparable with the climate,and we must synthetically consider the enclosure heat transfer,solar heat gain,natural ventilation and natural lighting,balance the gain and loss of heat,optimize the various factors and ultimately determine the construction body shape of students＇ apartments in cold regions.