孔子乐教思想探析

On Confucius' Music Education

作为先秦儒家学派的创始人,孔子积极提倡音乐,一生不断地进行音乐艺术的实践——弹琴、击鼓、鼓瑟、咏歌。他提出"兴于诗,立于礼,成于乐"的教育总纲领,认为具有"乐而不淫"、"哀而不伤"的中和之美的音乐能够引领人们不断完善自我;主张用音乐育人,并且要合乎"仁"和"礼"。这些都对后世的艺术教育和音乐文化产生了深远的影响。

As the founder of Confucianism of pre-Qin dynasty, Confucius advocates music vigorously. He has been practicing the art of music all his life constantly - playing the Qin instrument, beating the drum, plucking the ancient Chinese zither and singing songs. He put forward the guiding principle of edu- cation which contends that ＂learning enlightment arises from poetry, self conducting lies in propriety and character molding rests with music＂. He holds that the music＇s beauty which is ＂pleasant but not obscene＂ and ＂sad but not distressing＂ conforms to the doctrine of means, thus it can guide people to constant self--improvement. He also maintains that cultivation by music should correspond to ＂humanity＂ and ＂propriety＂. All these ideas have had great influences on art education and music culture in the coming generations.