不同类型交通需求管理实践与探索——以深圳市为例

Practice and Exploration on Traffic Demand Management——A Case Study in Shenzhen

交通需求管理是大城市交通政策的重要组成部分,提出了基于实施难易影响因素的交通需求管理措施分类,总结了深圳从20世纪90年代中期开始相继实施的一系列相对较易实施的交通需求管理措施情况,分析展望需进一步考虑的交通需求管理措施。针对交通拥挤收费这一较难及重大的需求管理措施,回顾了深圳探索性研究拥挤收费方案,包括交通拥挤收费总体调控目标、收费区域范围、收费模式与时段、收费系统技术选型等,分析了实施面临的困难,并提出了实施突破与替代的建议。

Traffic demand management（TDM） is the important part of transport policies for big cities.This paper presents the classification of measures on TDM based on implementation factors.Summarize a series of implemented measures on TDM since middle 1990s in Shenzhen,which were relatively easier to carry out,look into the future of some measures which should be taken into further consideration.Focusing on congestion pricing,the difficult and important measures on TDM,the paper illustrates the explorative plan in Shenzhen,including the general control target,pricing area scope,pricing mode and time period,and model selection of pricing system.Finally,analyzes the difficulties of implementation and presents corresponding suggestions.