HEA方法在我国溢油海洋生态损害评估中的应用

The application of HEA in marine ecosystem damage assessments from oil spill in China

国际上多数国家的立法机构要求污染者对溢油所造成的生态损害支付赔偿金,溢油生态损害评估是赔偿的技术前提。论文针对我国溢油生态损害评估的范围和计算方法没有形成成熟的体系的现象,借鉴在国外得到广泛应用的HEA方法,依次建立补偿量模型、受损量模型和补偿规模模型,并模拟一海上溢油事故,对海洋生态损害评估的范围和计算方法等关键点进行分析。研究结果对解决我国溢油海洋生态损害评估提供有益的探索。

The legislatures in many countries require polluters to pay damages caused by the oil spill. The marine ecosystem damage assessments are the technology premise of the compensation. Because confines and calculation methods of marine ecosystem damage assessment are immature, so this paper refer to HEA method which is widely used in foreign countries and establish the injured habitat model, the compensatory habitat model and the compensation scale model respectively. A simulative oil spill accident was applied as an example to analyze the key points of the marine ecosystem damage such as the confines and the calculation methods. This paper aims at providing a useful exploration in marine ecosystem damage assessment and management.