国外孜然芹品种引种比较试验初报

Preliminary Report on Introduction and Comparison of Cumin(Cuminum cyminum L.)Varieties from India and Morocco

【目的】引进种植国外孜然芹品种，并与新疆孜然芹品种进行比较，为丰富新疆孜然芹品种提供依据。【方法】以2个国外孜然芹品种G-3（来自印度）、M-1（来自摩洛哥）和2个新疆本地品种新孜然芹-1、新孜然芹-2为材料，对各品种物候学特性、生育期、农艺性状、产量构成性状等进行观察测定与比较。【结果】物候学性状表明，引进品种在现蕾期、开花期和果实成熟期发育速度快，明显早于新疆本地品种；生育期观察表明，引进品种整个生长周期比本地品种短12—15d；引进品种株高略大于本地品种；在叶色和枝叶密集程度上，引进品种与新疆本地品种有明显差异。引进品种双悬果数、单株果实重、千粒重等性状都优于本地品种，果实败育比例低于本地品种。【结论】印度和摩洛哥孜然芹具有生育期短，产量构成性状好等优势，适宜在新疆栽培。

[Objective] The focus of this study was mainly on introduction and comparison of cumin varieties from India and Morocco with landrace and providing important theoretical foundation for the alternative extension. [Method]The effects on growth characters and yield of varieties in cumin have been studied by using four cumin varieties as the test materials. [Result]The result showed that the development speed of squaring stage, florescence and fruit mature period of India and Morocco cumin are quicker than that of local varieties. The whole growth period of introduced varieties is shorter by nearly half a month than local varieties. The plant height of introductions is slightly higher than that of the local landrace. There is significant difference between local ones and introductions on leaf color and the density of branch - leaf. The seed number per single plant, the yield per single plant and thousand grain weights of the introduced varieties are higher than that of the local races. The abortion rate of umbellules is lower than that of the local ones. [ Conclusion]h was concluded in this study that the introductions have bigger fruit and shorter growth cycle. So introductions can be applied and disseminated in Xinjiang.