新疆库米什金矿土壤可培养细菌的多样性分析

Analysis of the Diversity of Culturable Bacteria in the Soil from Kumishi Gold Mine,Xinjiang

【目的】了解新疆库米什一处金矿土壤可培养细菌的多样性及建立菌种资源库。【方法】采集库米什金矿土壤样品,采用两种不同培养基(LB,TSB)分离纯化细菌,对其进行形态观察(菌落及细胞)、生理测定、16SrDNA测序和系统进化分析。【结果】从两种培养基上总共得到50株细菌,根据基于16S rDNA的系统进化分析表明,50株菌分别属于3个大类群:厚壁菌门(Firmicutes),放线菌门(Actinobacteria),γ-变形菌纲(γ-Proteobacteria),12个属,30个分类单元。其中芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)为优势细菌种群,占已测种群的63.3%。菌株L10-5与Bacillus foraminis(AJ717382)有96.463%的相似率,可能为潜在新种。【结论】库米什金矿土壤可培养细菌具有较高的多样性,存在潜在新菌种资源,值得进一步研究。

[ Objective ]The purpose of this study is to understand the diversity of cultivable bacteria in the soil from a gold mine in Kumishi Town, Xinjiang and build a strain repository. [Method] Bacteria were isolated from the soil of the gold mine by using 2 types of different cultural medium （LB, TSB）. Their taxonomic positions were determined by using 16S rDNA- based phylogenetic analysis. [ Result] After isolation and purification, a total of 50 bacterial isolates were obtained from the two culture media. According to their 16S rDNA sequence similarities to type strains of validly described organisms, they have been placed into three phylogenetic groups （Firmicutes, Actinobacteriaand ＂/- Proteobacteria）, 12 genera and 30 species, in which, the genera bacillus is the most predominant and has occupied the majority of isolates （63.3%）. Among them, the isolate L10 -5 showed the lowest 16S rDNA sequence similarity （96.463%） to its closely related type strain, which was presumed to be a potential novel species. [ Conclusion] The result showed that the cultivable bacteria in the gold mine soil in Kumishi are of high diversity and there might exist potential novel species that need to be further investigated.