中国工业的转型升级

Transformation and Upgrading of China's Industry

转变发展方式是一个涉及经济、社会、政治、文化以至全体人民的思维方式和生活方式的深刻变化过程,而工业转型升级则是其关键。"十一五"时期,中国(除了很少数欠发达地区外)在总体上进入了工业化中期阶段,并跨入了"中等收入"国家行列。中国工业已经从幼稚时期,进入成年时期,转型升级是成长的必然,必须从工业化初期的工业结构体系向适应工业化中后期的工业结构体系转变。资源约束尽管对中国工业发展造成了一定的困难,但也可以成为促进中国工业转型升级的压力,而不会成为阻止中国工业继续快速增长的不可逾越的障碍。在现阶段,发展现代产业体系实质上是要在基本完成了初期工业化之后,建立向工业化中后期推进所要求的更先进和发达的产业体系。工业转型升级不仅仅表现在工业结构和工业体系的总体特征的变化上,更深刻地发生和体现在所有工业企业的战略抉择和战略走势上。实现工业转型升级,发展现代产业体系,就是要在新的更先进的技术基础上全面提升各个产业的自主发展能力和国际竞争力。

Transforming development model is a process involving profound changes in economy, society, politics, culture and people＇s thinking and lifestyle, among which, the transformation and upgrading of industry is the key. During the ＂Eleventh Five-year Plan＂ period, China in general （except for very few less developed regions） entered the middle stage of industrialization, and stepped into the ranking of ＂middle income＂ countries. China＇s industry has grown from infant to adult, therefore transformation and upgrading is inevitable. China needs to transform its industrial structure to adapt to industrial structural system in the intermediary and later stages of industrialization. Despite the negative impact on China＇s industrial development, resource constraints also promote China＇s industrial transformation and upgrading, rather than becoming the insurmountable obstacle that prevents rapid growth of China＇s industry. At present stage, the essence of developing modern industrial system is to establish an advanced industrial system for the intermediary and later stages of industrialization. Industrial transformation and upgrading not only reflected in changes in industrial structure and the overall characteristics of industrial system, but on the strategic choices and strategic trends of all industrial enterprises. Achieving industrial transformation and upgrading, developing modern industrial system, is to raise indigenous development ability and international competitiveness of all industries on the basis of advanced technical basis.