激光诱变小麦数量性状的遗传和相关分析

GENETICAL AND CORRELATIVE ANALYSIS OF QUANTITATIVE CHARACTERS OF LASER-TREATED WHEAT

本文研究了CO_2激光、钕玻璃激光以及二者复合处理诱变小麦数量性状的遗传效应和相关性。结果表明,激光二代有早熟突变;抽穗期和主穗柱数等的遗传变导系数和遗传进度都较大。各处理后代主要农艺性状对单株产量的最优多元线性回归方程显著的自变数为穗粒重、单株有效穗数、穗粒数等。而且,多元相关系数极显著。通径分析表明,小麦激光后代应注意穗粒重、单株有效穗数和穗粒数等综合性状的选择。

A randomized complete block design of three replications was adopted in a-three-year experiment. The seeds of wheat var. '77-Zhong-2882' and '79p-17' were treated with CO_2 Laser and Nd-glass laser irradiation. Eleven characters were studied and statistically analysed.The experiment results showed heading time of the treated plant was 2～4 days earlier than the control. The genefic coefficient varibilits (GCV) of characters were grater for grain number on the main spike, grain number per spikelet, effective spike number/plant and heading time showing great potential for selection for the characters.The estimated values of heritability(h^2%) of fentile spikelet number and spike length were high for selection in early geeretions. The h^2 (%) of characters for grain weight per plant etc. were lower so that selection for these characters made in high generations was recommended.The relative genetic advance(RGS) were greater for grain number on main spike, 1000-grain weight, feritile spikelet number and plant height, indieating that the selection might be effective.The optimal multivariate linear regression equation of the main agr onomic characters on yield/plant significant independent variables were plant height, effective spike No./plant, the multivariate correlation coefficient were highly significant.Path analysis showed the direct path coefficients of grain wt of ma in spike was greater. indirect path coefficient was the greatest for grain NO. of main spike through grain wt. of main spike. This showed that laser breeding of wheat should lay stress on selection for a combination of charaoiers.