特殊学校环境中自闭症儿童词汇发展的个案研究

A Case Study of the Vocabulary Development of a Child with Autism at Special School

目的考察自闭症儿童在特殊学校环境下词汇发展的特点。方法采用个案研究方法，以1名11岁自闭症儿童为研究对象，在自然的学校环境下与其互动对话取得语言样本，采用CLAN语言分析软件进行语料分析。结果①个案词汇量很少，仅为274个；②个案所使用的词汇涵盖了大部分词类，其中名词词汇量最大，其次是动词，其他词类使用较少或基本不用；③个案在交流过程中所使用的词汇较为简单，且存在理解偏差、使用错误及自造词汇现象。结论个案词汇发展滞后，这在很大程度上导致了其在沟通互动方面的困难。

Objective To explore the vocabulary development characteristics of a child with autism at special school. Methods An 11-year-old child with autism was studied at school. His speech samples were obtained from free talk and analyzed with CLAN software. Results The child mastered rather limited vocabulary with 274 words; ②The child used most of the word classes with more nouns and verbs and less other classes. ③During the conversation, the child only used simple words, and sometimes he misunderstood, misused and coined words. Conclusion The vocabulary development of the child is delayed, which results in his communication difficulties to a large extent.