魔芋生长期物质动态及产量形成研究

STUDY ON THE MATERIAL TRENDS AND FORMATION OF YIELD DURING THE GROWTH PERIOD OF ELEPHANT-FOOT YAM

在花魔芋(Amorphophallus rivieri Duriea)生长期中,定期测定种块茎衰减、新块茎产量形成及主要成分的变化动态。结果表明:7月初新老块茎“换头”后,新块茎迅速膨大,其内含物迅速增加,并趋于最高。至8月初,葡甘聚糖增加110%,淀粉增加690%。8月初至9月底,新块茎继续膨大及充实,所积累的葡甘聚糖及淀粉含量分别占全生长期的50.2%及50.1%。据此,将魔芋生长分为四期,即新块茎形成期,块茎迅速膨大期,块茎继续膨大及充实期,块茎成熟期。建议加工用的魔芋在10月初叶开始黄枯时陆续采收,而作种的则宜在11月后采收,但不能迟至5日均温低于5℃时。

According to the growth of the plants and the determination of the fresh weight, dry weight, the percentage of dry material, the glucomannan content, starch content, soluble sugar content and protein content of the seed tuber and new tuber during the growth period of elephantfoot yam. this paper divides the growing process into four stages on the formation of yield: the formation stage of new tuber, the rapid expansion stage, the continuing expansion and repletion stage, and the mature stage of new tuber. It establishes the pick period. The tubers for processing may be picked in succession when the leaves begin to turn withered and yellow (generlly in the first ten-days of October), while the tubers serving as seeds for planting may be picked after lodging until to november or december, the last pick period is that the average air temperture of five-days must not be lower than 5℃.