高放废物地质处置中的模型

Models Used in Deep Geological Deposit of High-Level Radioactive Waste

我国将采用深地质处置的方法处理核能发展所产生的大量高水平放射性废物。为了准确地预测核素的迁移行为,评估处置库的安全性,除了实验之外,还必须使用模型。本文对高放废物地质处置中所涉及的模型,以及与模型相关的软件、数据库做了综述,重点叙述了用于化学种态分析的地球化学模型,扼要介绍了多场耦合模型。此外还简要报告了北京大学核环境化学研究室核素迁移实验数据的处理方法和程序。

Deep geological disposal of High Level Radioactive Wastes（HLW） is accepted to deal with the HLW produced from fast development of nuclear power industry in China.In performance assessment of the potential geologic repository,modeling plays a very important role in addition to experimental investigations.In addition to experimental investigations modeling has also to be used for these purposes.In this paper models involved in deep geological deposit of HLW,relevant software,and necessary databases are reviewed with emphasis on geochemical models for chemical speciation.Multi-field coupling models are also described briefly.Finally,methods and programs for treatment of migration experimental data used in the Nuclear Environmental Chemistry Group of Peking University are schematically reported.