肿瘤干细胞免疫逃逸机制的研究进展

Advances of the research on mechanisms of tumor stem cells-immune escape

肿瘤干细胞是肿瘤发生、发展、转移及复发的根源。虽然机体有严密的免疫监视机制，但肿瘤干细胞可以通过改变表面抗原、表达免疫逃逸相关基因及逃逸相关的表面标志物，或诱导具有免疫抑制能力的细胞或细胞因子的分泌等多种机制有效地逃避免疫系统的监视。此外，肿瘤干细胞免疫逃逸与其微环境中的各种间质细胞和细胞外因子的作用也密切相关。这些机制的研究有助于加深对肿瘤干细胞的认识，为肿瘤的预防和治疗提供新的理论指导。

Tumor stem cells are the root of tumor development, metastasis and recurrence. Although the body has various immunosurveillance mechanisms, tumor stem cells can evade immunosurveillance effectively via changing the surface antigens, expressing immune escape associated genes and surface markers, or inducing immune suppressive cells and eytokines secretion. In addition, the role of various mesenchymal ceils and cytokines in tumor microenviroument are also closely related to tumor stem cells immune escape. Studies of these mechanisms will contributed to a better understanding of tumor stem cells. It provided a new theoretical instruction for tumor prevention and treatment. Our review focused on the advancements of the mechanisms of tumor stem cells escaping the attacking of immune system.