钙质紫色土小麦优质高产与氮磷锌氯配肥模式的研究

STUDIES ON THE MODELS FOR FERTILIZATION COMBINATIONS OF NITROGEN-PHOSPHORUS-ZINC FOR HIGH YIELD AND SUPER QUALITY OF WHEAT ON A CALCAREOUS PURPLE SOIL

根据1987年在四川省中部地区钙质紫色土上采用的氮[CO(NH_2)_2.NH_4Cl]、磷[Ca(H_2PO_4)_2]、锌(ZnSO_4·7H_2O)最优回归设计进行的小麦田间试验结果,优选出小麦的氮、磷、锌最佳组合方案为:每公顷施氮168～210公斤,磷126～168公斤,锌16～21公斤,小麦产量可达4695～5100公斤。尽管NH_4Cl-P-Zn处理的小麦植株含氯量比CO(NH_2)_2-P-Zn处理的高1倍以上,但植株分蘖期含氯量小于2%,成熟期小于0.6%,不影响小麦的生长和产量。NH_4Cl-P-Zn与CO(NH_2)_2-P-Zn处理的,小麦籽粒含氯量差异不大。当籽粒含氯量在600ppm以下时,对淀粉和蛋白质含量无不良影响。

A field experiment for optimizing the fertilization combination of nitrogen-phosphorus-zinc for high yield and super quality of wheat was carried out on a calcareous purple soil in the central part of Sichuan province in 1987. The combination of 168-210 Kg N in the form of CO(NH_2). NH_4Cl plus 126-168 Kg P_2O_5 in the form of Ca(H_2PO_4)_2 plus 16～21 Kg Zn per ha seemed to be optimal for wheat, in which 4695-5100 Kg/ha of grain were obtained. The Cl content in wheat Plants in NH_4Cl-P-Zn treatment, though being twice as much as that in CO(NH_2)_2-P-Zn treatment, was below 2% and 0.6% in the tillering and maturation stages, respectively, and did no harm the growth or yield of the crop. The Cl content in wheat grains showed no significant difference between NH_1 Cl-P-Zn and CO(NH_2)_2-P-Zn treatments and no unfavorable effects on the starch and protein contents of wheat grains were observed as long as they were below 600 ppm.