钙质紫色土小麦优质高产与氮、锌、锰优化配方的研究

STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF COMBINED APPLICATION OF Mn,Zn AND N TO THE YIELD AND QUALITY OF WHEAT IN CALCAREOUS PURPLE SOIL

采用三因素(N、Zn、Mn)五水平最优回归设计,探讨了钙质紫色土上(棕紫泥)小麦对锌、锰肥的需要性和氮、锌、锰的适宜配比。结果表明,钙质紫色土在磷、钾肥底的基础上施用氮、锌、锰的增产效果为:N>Mn(?)Zn。在有效锌0.5ppm的土壤上,单施锌对小麦增产不显著。在有效锰4.1ppm的土壤上,施锰肥获得了极显著的增产。按N105～186、ZnSO_4·7H_2O 0～21、MnSO_4 37.5～75kg/ha施肥,小麦产量可达4845kg/ha,较对照增产1500kg/ha,蛋白质和氨基酸含量均提高2～3个百分点。N—Zn—Mn配施比单施效果好,不但能高产优质,还有助于提高肥料的利用率。

In order to investigate the necessity of the application of Mn, Zn, N and the effect of their optimum combination on the yield and quality of wheat in calcareous purple soil, field experiment was carried out with the best pluratistic regression design of three factors (N, Zn, Mn) of five levels, the result showed that in case of single application and on the basis of P and K, the effect of N, Zn, Mn on wheat yield in calcareous purple soil was N>Mn》Zn. Single Zn had no significant effect when its available concentration was 0.5 ppm in the soil. Single Mn increased wheat yield very significantly when its available concentration was 4.1 ppm in the soil. Five selected optimum combinations which were expressed as N 105—186, ZnSO_4·7H_2O 0—21 and MnSO_4 37.5—75 kg/ha might attain over 4845 kg/ha of wheat yield (more 1500kg/ha than check) and increased protein and amino acid content 2—3 percentage. N—Zn—Mn combined application was better than single application. It produced high yield and good quality, increasing its utilization percentage.