3343例妇女更年期症状与绝经时段的相关研究

The Correlation Between Menopausal Symptoms and Period of Menopause in 3343 Menopause Women

目的:了解妇女更年期症状发生情况及症状与绝经时段的相关性。方法:在中国8个城市41～60岁更年期妇女中进行横断面调查,调查社会人口学资料及更年期症状(采用kupperman index量表)。结果:共完成3343例有效人群的调查,平均年龄为(49.64±4.75)岁,更年期症状发生率在35.1%～89.2%之间。症状骨关节肌肉痛、失眠、潮热出汗、易激动、心悸、眩晕、抑郁、泌尿系症状、性交痛、皮肤蚁走感在不同绝经时段发生率比较差别有统计学意义(P<0.05)。潮热出汗在绝经后1～2年发生率较其他绝经时段高,为83.2%;"性交痛、泌尿系症状"在绝经2～5年发生率最高,发生率分别为63%、64.6%。骨关节肌肉痛、心悸、眩晕、易激动、抑郁在绝经5年以上发生率最高,分别为92.8%、73.5%、73.5%、78.1%、64.7%。结论:我国更年期女性症状发生率高,且更年期症状发生情况在不同绝经时段存在差异。绝经早期(绝经1～2年)以血管舒缩功能异常症状为主,绝经中期(绝经2～5年)以泌尿生殖器官萎缩症状为主,而绝经后期(绝经5年以上)以骨质疏松症状为主,兼有自主神经系统症状及精神心理症状。

Objective：To investigate the prevalence of climacteric symptoms in women during menopausal transition and postmenopause,and to investigate the correlation between menopausal symptoms and period of menopause.Methods：Study participants were Chinese women aged 45-59 years who come from 8 cities in china and participated in Cross-sectional survey.The participants were interviewed by kupperman index（KI） and general condition.Results：3343 women were interviewed.The mean age was（49.64±4.75）.The incidence of aching in muscle and joints,insomnia,hot flushes and sweating,irritability,palpitations,dizziness,depression,urinary symptoms,sexual intercourse pain and skin formication were statistically significant at different menopausal period.The incidence of hot flushes and sweating（83.2%） ranked first in women 1-2 years after menopause.Meanwhile,the incidence of painful intercourse（63%） and urinary tract symptoms（64.6%） ranked first in postmenopausal women after 2-5 years.The highest symptoms for postmenopausal women over 5 years were bone and joint muscle pain（92.8%）,palpitations（73.5%）,dizziness（73.5%）,headache（68.1%）.Conclusion：The menopausal symptoms were common in Chinese women during menopausal transition and postmenopause.The incidence of menopausal symptoms in different menopause period are different.The primary clinical manifestations during early menopause（1-2 years） areVasomotor symptoms.The major symptoms during middle menopause（2-5years） are symptoms of urinary genital atrophy.meanwhile,Osteoporosis and abnormal psychological symptoms are the majority during late menopause（over 5 years）.