高效微生物菌剂在猪粪堆肥中的应用

Composting of Pig Manure with Highly Efficient Microbial Agent

[目的]针对嘉兴市猪粪堆肥菌剂成本高的问题,研制一种低成本、本地化的菌剂,并将其与市售菌剂同时应用于猪粪堆肥中。[方法]试验组和对照组分别接种了自制微生物菌剂和商用菌剂,堆肥共进行38 d,对比研究堆肥物理性状、温度、pH、含水率、有机质、水溶性氮、碳氮比及种子发芽率。[结果]试验组含水率在第33天已降至26.10%,达到30%的腐熟标准,而对照组到第38天仍略高于30%;试验组种子发芽率在第28天达到腐熟标准,而对照组到第35天才达标;堆肥结束时试验组和对照组的碳氮比分别为14.64和16.43,有机质含量均为45%左右,二者均满足有机肥料成品标准。[结论]自制微生物菌剂满足堆肥要求,较商用菌剂使堆肥腐熟时间缩短5～8 d,其肥料成品含水率较低,更适于保存。

[ Objective ] The aim of this study was to develop a low - cost and localized microbial agent so as to solve high cost of microbial agent for pig manure composting in Jiaxing City. [ Method] Pig manure in the experimental group and control group was inoculated with the self -devel- oped microbial agent and commercial microbial agent ,respectively. The manure was composted for 38 d. The indicators of compost including phys- ical behavior, temperature, pH value,water content, organic matter, dissolved nitrogen, carbon nitrogen ratio and germination rate were compared. [ Result] The water content of the experimental pig manure compost declined to 26.10% after 33 d of eomposting,which met the standard of ma- turity ,while the water content of the control was still slightly higher than 30% after 38 d. The germination rate of seeds fertilized with the experi- mental pig manure compost reached the standard of maturity on Day 28, while that of the control reached the standard of maturity on Day 35. When the eomposting was finished,the carbon nitrogen ratio of the experimental and control pig manure was 14.64 and 16.43, respectively, and their organic matter content was about 45%. All these indexes could meet the standards of organic fertilizer products. [ Conclusion] The self - de- veloped microbial agent can meet the requirements of pig manure composting, and it can reduce eomposting time by 5 - 8 d compared to the com- mercial agent. In addition, the fertilizer product composted by the self - developed microbial agent has lower water content and is suitable for pres- ervation.