河西走廊中西部风能资源的时空分布特征及储量研究

Study on Spatial and Temporal Distribution Characteristics of Wind Energy Resource and Preservation in Central and West Hexi Corridor

[目的]探讨河西走廊中西部风能资源的时空分布特征及储量。[方法]利用河西走廊中西部10个气象观测站1955～2007年风速气象资料和2007年1～12月专用风塔精细资料,研究了该区域内风能资源的分布特征及其储量。[结果]河西走廊中西部环境风速相对较稳定,气候特征分布上无明显跳跃式变化;风能资源分布存在明显的地域性差别,瓜州县和玉门市附近存在1个风能大值区;区域内风能普遍较高,10m高度层内风能密度在100w/m2以上,大部分地方在140w/m2左右,大值地带在200w/m2以上;垂直方向上风能随高度呈线性增长,平均每升高10m风能约增加15w/m2,50m层风能普遍大于240w/m2。河西走廊中西部风能存在明显的日、年变化,3～5月是风能密集阶段;距地面高度10m处风能在10:00前后处于低值,从11:00以后不断增大,到18:00前后达到日最大,然后逐渐减小。区域内年有效风速时数普遍在6200h以上,大值区接近7600h。[结论]为河西走廊中西部风能的开发利用提供了理论依据。

[ Objective] The aim was to explore the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of wind energy resource and preservation in central and west area of Hexi Corridor. [ Method] By dint of the wind speed data from 1955 to 2007 in ten meteorological observation station in central and west area of Hexi Corridor, and special wind tower fine data from January to December in 2007, the distribution and reserves of the region~ wind energy resources were studied. [ Result] The results showed that environmental wind speed was relatively stable in central and west Hexi Corridor. There were no distinct changes in climate characteristics distribution. There were regional differences in the distribu- tion of wind energy, and there was a large numerical area of wind energy in Gazhou County and Yumen City ; Wind energy ~n the region gener- ally was .higher. The wind energy density was above 100 w/m2 in the 10 m layer, around 140 w/m2 in naost places, and was more than 200 w/m2 in the large number area. The wind grew in vertical direction along with the linear growth of height. Each 10m high wind increased to 15 w/m2 averagely, 50m layer wind energy was greater than the general 240 w/m2 and there were obvious changes on daily and annual with wind energy in central and west area of Hexi Corridor. The duration from March to May was a wind energy-intensive stage, 10m height from the ground in the wind around 10：00 in low-value. After growing from 11：00, it met the day largest number at 18：00, and then reduced grad- ually. Effective wind speed hours in the region in general were more than 6 200 h, and the value in the large areas was close to 7 600 h. [ Conclusion] The study laid basis for the development and application of wind energy in central and west area of Hexi Corridor.