旅游业冲击下少数民族村庄文化变迁及其反思——基于吐鲁番古城村旅游业的调查

Reflections on Cultural Changes of Ethnic Villages in the Tide of Tourism Industry

利用实地调查所得的资料,从旅游业的发展历程和现状以及古城村发展旅游业的必然性方面介绍了古城村旅游业发展的基本概况,对吐鲁番古城村开展旅游业后的文化变迁情况进行介绍和分析,着重于从毛驴的参与、语言的变化、宗教、道德问题及村民对高昌佛教文化的认识5个方面分析古城村发展旅游业后民族文化变迁的具体内容,认为旅游业的发展是改变当地村民生存现状的重要途径,扩大旅游业规模是转变村民生产方式的重要形式,在旅游业的发展过程中,相关部门应重视旅游发展所带来的负面影响,对村民的消费观念适当加以引导,而整个少数民族地区都应该注重对当地特色文化的保护和利用。

By utilizing materials obtained from the field investigation, tourism development of Gucheng Village was analyzed from the history and status quo of tourism industry as well as the inevitability of developing tourism industry in Gucheng Village, cultural changes of the village during the tourism development were introduced and analyzed mainly from 5 perspectives ： participation of donkey, language change, religion, morality, villagers＇ knowledge of cultures of Buddhism in ancient Gaoehang. It was believed that tourism industry was an important approach to improve present living conditions of villagers, enlarging the scale of tourism industry was an important way of changing production mode of vil- lagers, and negative influence of tourism development should be attached sufficient importance by relevant departments, consumption concepts of villagers should be guided properly, and all regions of minorities should pay attention to the protection and utilization of local characteristic cultures.