激波诱导下纳米铝粉与微米铝粉的爆炸特征对比研究

Compare study on the explosion characteristics of nano-aluminum and micro-aluminum

对比研究了入射激波诱导下纳米铝粉和微米铝粉与环氧丙烷混合物快速反应系统中的爆炸特征.利用多台单色谱仪同步采集技术实验测定了二种反应混合物在不同诱导激波中强度作用下的点火延迟时间.为获得爆炸系统内部信息利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM),X射线衍射分析仪(XRD),X射线能谱(XPS)对相应铝粉反应生成物的结构、态貌、表面氧化层厚度进行了表征和分析.结果表明:TEM结果表明纳米铝粉生成物为絮状、针状和纤维状,而微米铝粉生成物为球状且体积增大;XRD结果显示在压缩区、点火区、燃烧区、爆炸区、传播区、碎片压缩致冷区生成物中有α,γ,ε,δ一系列氧化铝的不同相,这是由于相同诱导激波强度作用下纳米铝粉较微米铝粉反应剧烈,其反应温度沿激波管截面轴向降低,导致不同的氧化铝相在相应区域生成;XPS结果表明纳米铝粉生成物表面氧化层厚达35nm,氧化程度达92%;而微米铝粉生成物表面氧化层厚度为30nm,氧化程度为65%.这些结果揭示了二个爆炸系统内铝粒子的点火和燃烧机理完全不同,这对含能材料添加剂的研究有重要意义.

The explosion characteristic of propylene oxide/nano-, the changed induced incident shock waves. The ignition micro-alumium component were comparably investigated under delay times of two explosion systems were determined by the monochromater synchronous test technology. The structure, morphology, surface oxide layer of the products were analyized by scanning electron microscopy （SEM） , X-ray diffraction （XRD） and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）. The results indicated that the products of nano-A1 are the spongy-structure, need-structure and fiber-structure, the morphology of the products of microsize aluminum is mainly in spherical structure. The different phases of alumina（α,γ,ε,δ） in compress section , ignition section, combustion section, explosion section, propagation section, and compressed products section was revealed by XRD data. It shows that the reaction in nano-A1 reaction system is more violent than that in micro- A1 one and the decreasing temperature align the axial cause the different phases of alimina . XPS spectrum show that the oxide layers on the surface of nano-alumina is about 35rim, alumina is almost is 92% ; while the oxide layer on the surface of micro-alumina is 30nm, alumina is merely 65%. ignition mechanisms and combustion mechanism will The experimental results that indicated the existing two different be useful to the addition of energy material