从“和平与发展”到“和谐发展”--国际法价值观的演进与中国立场调适

From "Peace and Development" to "Harmonious Development":The Innovation of Mega-Value in International Law and the Position of China

对国际法的规范评判、反思与指引有赖于价值设定,而价值的冲突又使我们求助于价值观的确立。20世纪中期以来,国际法以"和平与发展"为价值观,带来了国际法的进步,但也存在仅仅看到国家之间的消极共存而阻碍了国家之间的合作、国家利益的片面界定导致国际对立与大国霸权、强势人类中心主义形成环境恶化等不足。在此种语境下,带有东方文化特征的和谐概念融入到国际法的价值观中,可以带动国际法规范与功能的超越。"和谐发展"是对西方主流价值观的扬弃,强调在尊重多元、文明共存的背景下追求共同的繁荣与发展。为达到和谐发展,国际社会需要在观念和制度上进行渐进改良,中国也需要建立尊重多元、直面冲突、倡导人本、崇尚法治的和谐观,在以妥善的方式解决、化解冲突的基础上达致和谐,在经由法治秩序的阶段后建构和谐。

The evaluations,reflections,and directions on international law depend on the setting up of values,and the conflict of values requires an establishment of mega-value.From the 1950s,peace and development,as the mega-value of international law,brought the progress of international law,but along with the defects of negative coexistence instead of cooperation,power politics by partly definition of national interest,environmental degradation by strong anthropocentrism.In this context,it is possible that the oriental concept of harmony takes international law to surpass in norms and functions.Harmonious development is the aufheben of Western values,stressing prosperous of the world as a whole.To achieve this goal,the notions and institutions of international community should be improved,and China should construct its position of harmony by respecting multiple actors,recognizing conflicts,advocating humanity,upholding rule of law,to realize harmony by solving conflicts properly,to make harmony through rule of law.