不同施肥雷竹林氮磷径流流失比较研究

Comparative Study on the Nitrogen and Phosphorus Runoff under Phyllostachys praecox Stands with Different Fertilizations

研究了太湖水系源头小流域优化施肥和施用微生物肥对雷竹林氮磷径流流失的影响。结果表明,与常规施肥相比,优化施肥和施用微生物肥的雷竹林径流水中总氮浓度分别下降35.3%和39.2%,总磷浓度下降27.2%和55.9%,氮流失量分别减少3.63,4.88kg/hm2,磷流失量分别减少0.49,0.93kg/hm2,但并未减少农民的经济收入。相关性分析表明雷竹林地表径流量、氮磷流失量均与降雨量存在着极显著正相关(P<0.01)。优化施肥和施用微生物肥均对小流域雷竹林氮磷养分流失起到了良好的控制作用。

Effects of optimized fertilization and application of microbial fertilizer on the nitrogen and phosphorus runoff losses under Phyllostachys praecox stands in a small watershed located in the source area of Taihu lake.Results showed that compared with the conventional fertilization treatment the total N concentrations of runoff water under Phyllostachys praecox stands with the treatments of optimized fertilization and microbial fertilizer were decreased by 35.3% and 39.2%,respectively,and the total N losses were decreased by 3.63 kg/hm2 and 4.88 kg/hm2,respectively.The total P concentrations with the above two treatments were decreased by 27.2% and 55.9%,respectively,and the total P losses were decreased by 0.49 kg/hm2 and 4.93 kg/hm2,respectively.However,the economic income of farmers was not reduced.Correlation analysis showed that all of surface runoff amount,N loss amount,and P loss amount were positively correlated to rainfall（P0.01）.Both the optimized fertilization and application of microbial fertilizer had a good ability to control the losses of N and P nutrients under Phyllostachys praecox stands in a small watershed.