超声诊断老年退行性心瓣膜病变的特点及意义

Ultrasound Diagnosis of the Characteristics of Senile Degenerative Heart Valve Fisease and Clinical Significance

目的：探讨彩色多普勒超声心动图对老年性退行性心瓣膜病变的诊断特点、临床应用及对临床治疗的指导意义。材料与方法：对来我院进行心脏超声体检者年龄在45~90岁的635例人群进行彩色多普勒超声心动图检查,观察房室大小,瓣膜及瓣环的形态改变、活动的状态,其返流的部位与程度。结果：检出老年性退行性心瓣膜病变的患者285例,主要在60岁以上人群中发生,并随年龄增大发病率升高,男性多发于女性。老年性退行性心瓣膜病变以主动脉瓣及二尖瓣环发生率最高,主动脉瓣受累率明显高于二尖瓣,单纯性三尖瓣、肺动脉瓣少受累及,均与其它瓣膜受累并存。结论：彩色多普勒超声心动图可直接观察瓣膜厚度、回声强度及活动度,并可发现瓣环的钙化及返流程度,能明确诊断退行性心瓣膜病,对临床医师诊断及治疗有直接指导意义。

Purpose：To evaluate color Doppler echocardiography in elderly degenerative heart valve disease and clinical application of diagnostic characteristics.Materials and Methods：384 patients,aged from 45 to 90,having come to our hospital for cardiac ultrasound examination,are observed in the atrioventricular size,the morphology of valves,the changes of valve ring,the state of activities,the location and the extent of backflow.Results：The detection of senile patients with degenerative heart valve disease in 285 people,mainly occurs in people over aged 60 and the incidence rate increases with age.The incidence rate in men is greater than women′s.The incidence rate of aortic valve and the mitral is the highest in Senile degenerative mitral aortic valve disease and the aortic valve is much higher than the mitral,but simple tricuspid valve and pulmonary valve are less involved,both involved with other valvular.Conclusion：With Color Doppler echocardiography the clinician can directly observe valve thickness,echo strength and activity,find out annular calcification and regurgitation,confirm the diagnosis of degenerative valvular heart disease,as a result Color Doppler echocardiography help the clinician make diagnosis and treatment.