桑叶葡萄和刺葡萄果皮中酚类物质的组成分析

Composition Analysis of Phenols in Vitis ficifolia Bge and Vitis davidii Foex Fruit Skins

采用超声波辅助法,利用甲醇从桑叶葡萄和刺葡萄果皮中提取花色苷,利用乙酸乙酯从两种葡萄果皮中提取非花色苷,液质联用定性定量分析两种葡萄果皮中花色苷及非花色苷酚的组成。桑叶葡萄果皮共检测出花色苷20种,非花色苷酚6种。刺葡萄果皮中共检测出花色苷6种,非花色苷酚15种。刺葡萄果皮中主要的花色苷是花翠素3,5-二葡萄糖苷和二甲花翠素3,5-二葡萄糖苷,而桑叶葡萄果皮以二甲花翠素3,5-二葡萄糖苷和3'甲基花翠素-3,5-二葡萄糖苷为主。两种野生葡萄果皮中主要的非花色苷酚是阿魏酸酒石酸酯及其衍生物,阿魏酸己糖酯和槲皮素-3-O-鼠李糖苷,刺葡萄果皮中非花色苷酚的含量比桑叶葡萄中的多。

Phenols are the most important components for maintaining high quality of grapes. The anthocyanins and non- anthocyanin phenolic compounds in the fruit skins of Vitisficifolia Bge and Vitis davidii Foex were extracted with methanol and ethyl acetate under the assistance of ultrasonic respectively and their composition was qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry （HPLC-MS）. As a result, 20 anthocyanins and 6 non-anthocyanin phenolic compounds were identified in Vitisficifolia Bge fruit skin, and 6 anthocyanins and 15 non-anthocyanin phenolic compounds in Vitis davidii Foex fruit skin. The major anthocyanins in Vitis davidii Foex fruit skin were elphinidin-3,5-O-di- glucoside and malvidin-3,5-O-di-glucoside, and in Vitisficifolia Bge malvidin-3,5-O-di-glucoside and petunidin-3,5-O-di- glucoside. Feruloytartaric acid and its derivatives, ferulic acid hexose ester and quercetin-O-rhamnoside were the major nonanthocyanin phenolic compounds in both species of wild grapes. The content of non-anthocyanin phenolic compounds in Vitis davidii Foex was much higher than that in Vitis ficifolia Bge.