骨质疏松的诊断与鉴别诊断

The diagnosis and differential diagnosis of osteoporosis

世界卫生组织(WHO)推荐使用双能X线BMD测量仪(DXA)测定的骨密度诊断骨质疏松,以T≤-2.5为骨质疏松。对没有发生过骨折又有低骨量的人群(T>-2.5),采用骨折风险评估模型(FRAX)工具可以计算出每位个体发生骨折的绝对风险。面对每位"骨质疏松"患者,医师都应该做到低骨量的鉴别诊断、原发性或继发性骨质疏松的鉴别诊断、未来骨折风险的评估。

Summary：BMD determined by DXA was used in osteoporosis diagnosis recommende by WHO. A T-score of less than minus 2. 5 is diagnostic of osteoporosis. If a patient BMD T-score 〉 - 2. 5 without any fracture, FRAX tools may provide absolute risk of fracture in future. Every patient with ＂osteoporosis＂ in our clincal practice, should be discriminate the other causes than osteoporosis resulting low bone mass, and well differentiate as primary or secondary osteoporosis.