问题表征与学科问题解决的研究现状及启示

The Research Situation and Instruction Inspiration on Problem Representation and Subject-Problem Solving

问题表征的过程是将外部刺激转化成内部的心理符号,从而有助于问题解决。学科问题表征体现出明显的层次性和动态性。目前,学科问题解决主要关注问题表征的影响因素、问题表征的方式与策略的关系以及表征的发展性研究等几方面。在教学中,要重视专门知识的作用,启发学生运用多样化的表征方式以促进学生对问题的理解与解决。

Problem representation is a process of translating external physics stimulus into internal mental symbol,which can contribute to solving problem.Subject problem representation shows obvious hiberarchy and dynamic.At present,subject problem solving covers several aspects： the influencing factor of problem representation,the relationship of pattern and strategy of problem representation,the developing research of representation.In order to facilitating the solving of problems during instruction,we should pay attention to the expertise and enlighten students about the use of diverse representation pattern.