广州市某中药制药厂职业危害因素对工人健康的影响

Effect of Occupational Hazards on Health of Workers in A Pharmaceutical Factory of Guangzhou City

目的了解广州市某制药厂工作场所中的主要生产性危害因素粉尘、噪声、微波等对工人的健康危害状况。方法采用现况研究的方法,对广州市某制药厂职业卫生现场监测资料以及作业工人健康监护资料进行分析。以χ2检验检测工艺组和对照组各项相关健康检查结果的差异。结果 该企业鼻部疾患在制剂组患病率(7.53%)比对照组患病率高(χ2=4.68,P<0.05);丸剂组肺功能异常率(2.35%)比对照组高(χ2=5.72,P<0.05);丸剂组胸片异常率(2.35%)比对照组高(χ2=3.87,P<0.05);听力受损在提取组的患病率(3.28%)比对照组高(χ2=5.86,P<0.05)。结论该制药企业应加强工人暴露在粉尘、噪声、微波等职业危害因素的治理,做好作业工人的个体防护工作。

[Objective]To understand the effect of main productive hazards such as dust,noise,microwave on health of workers in a pharmaceutical factory of Guangzhou City. [Methods]A cross-sectional study was conducted to analyze the data from the occupation scene surveillance and the health supervision on workers in a pharmaceutical factory in Guangzhou City.And χ2 test was used to detect the differences of the occupational health examination results between the process groups and the control group. [Results]The prevalence rate of nasal disorders in preparation group（7.53%） was higher than that in the control group（χ2=4.68,P0.05）.The abnormal rates of lung function and chest X-ray（both 2.35%） were higher than those of the control group（χ2=5.72,P0.05;χ2=3.87,P0.05）.Hearing impaired was diagnosed as 3.28% in the extraction group which was higher than that in the control group（χ2=5.86,P0.05）. [Conclusion]Stringent-measures to lower the hazards of dust,noise,microwave,etc,must be made and carried out in this pharmaceutical factory.Individual protection needs to be dramatically promoted.