某铁路配件企业闸瓦、弹条及橡胶垫片建设项目的预评价

Pre-assessment on Construction Project of Brake Shoe,Elastic Strip and Rubber Gasket in a Train Accessories Enterprise

目的对某铁路配件企业闸瓦及橡胶垫片建设项目进行职业病危害预评价分析,提出意见及建议,保护职工身体健康。方法按照《建设项目职业病危害预评价技术导则》,对该建设项目采用检查表法与类比法相结合的原则进行评价。结果 该项目主要职业病危害因素为炭黑粉尘、其他粉尘、二氧化硫、噪声及高温。其中炭黑粉尘、其他粉尘均超过国家卫生标准,是需要重点控制的职业病危害因素。该项目总平面布置、生产工艺及设备布局、防尘防毒设施、采光、照明设计、工作场所微小气候等基本符合《工业企业设计卫生标准》(GBZ 1-2010)的要求。结论该项目对粉尘的职业防护应主要考虑局部机械通风,对二氧化硫的职业防护应主要考虑全面机械通风;由于新建车间与铸工砂处理工房距离过近,建议拆除;建议规范设置警示标识、补充应急救援措施。

[Objective]To carry out the pre-assessment of the occupational hazards in the construction project of brake shoe and rubber gasket in a train accessories enterprise,put forward the opinions and suggestions,as so to protect the workers＇ health. [Methods]According to the Technical guidance of pre-assessment on occupational hazards in the construction project,checklist method combined with analogy was applied to assess. [Results]The main occupational hazards of this project were carbon black dust,other dusts,sulfur dioxide,noise and high-temperature.Carbon black dust and other dusts exceed the national health standards,which need to be controlled emphatically.The general layout,production technology and facility layout,dust and poison prevention facilities,design of lighting and illumination,microclimate in workplace were basically in accordance with the requirements of the Hygienic standards for the designs of industrial enterprises（GBZ 1-2010）. [Conclusion]The local mechanical ventilation is suitable for occupational protection of dust in this project,and overall mechanical ventilation is suitable for occupational protection of sulfur dioxide.Because the distance from new workshop to foundry sand treatment building is short,it is suggested to demolish.It is proposed to set the warning sign and renew the first aid measures.