面部损伤的特点及其法医学鉴定

Study on characteristics of facial injury and its forensic expertise.

目的 研究面部损伤的特点及法医学鉴定要点。方法 对 1 997年 1～ 6月期间活体损伤鉴定例中有关面部损伤的案例进行分析 ,并按年龄段分为 3组 :Ⅰ组 (未成年组 ) <1 8岁 ;Ⅱ组 (青壮年组 ) 1 8～5 9岁 ;Ⅲ组 (老年组 )≥ 6 0岁。结果 半年期间所有活体检验案例中 ,面部损伤占总数的 4 3 4 0 % ( 1 2 3例 ) ,其中未成年组 1 5例 ,青壮年组 1 0 0例 ,老年组 8例。各组研究结果显示 :( 1 )未成年组多因意外事故致伤 ( 6 6 6 7% ) ,发生地点以学校和住家附近为主 ( 6 6 6 7% ) ,主要被认识的人致伤 ( 73 33% ) ,未发现亲属致伤 ;老年组 ( 8例 )损伤较轻 ,多为软组织损伤 ( 5 7 1 4% ) ,因家庭纠纷引起多见 ( 5 0 0 0 % ) ,发生在住家及其附近为主 ( 75 0 0 % ) ,大多数被亲属及熟人所伤 ( 75 0 0 % ) ;青壮年组 ( 1 0 0例 )的起因、发生地点及损伤情况广泛及多样。结论 面部损伤是法医学鉴定中常见损伤之一 ,面部损伤的特点与不同年龄组别有密切关联。但由于损伤的部位特殊 。

Objective To study the characteristics of facial injury and points of forensic expertise. Methods The cases related to facial injury were collected from body examination during 1997.1～1997.6. These cases were divided into three groups: Group Ⅰ(Under age group:<18 years); Group Ⅱ(Youth and adult group:18～59 years); Group Ⅲ(The aged group:>60 year). Results 123 cases of facial injury (43.40%) were collected from body examination during 6 months. In these cases, There were 15 cases of group Ⅰ, 100 cases of group Ⅱ and 8 cases of group Ⅲ. In the Group Ⅰ, ophthalmiac injuries (73.33%), which were caused by accidents (66.67%) in school or nearby home, was often seen in facial injuries with relatively severity. The damage was caused mostly by acquaintances. In Group Ⅲ, the facial injuries were mainly contusion of soft tissue (57.14%), which caused by family quarrel (50.00%), and relatives or acquaintances (75.00%). The facial injuries in the group Ⅱ were varied. Conclusion The analysis results indicated that facial injuries was one of common injury in forensic medicine examination, the features of facial injuries were closely associated with age group. Because of the particularity of the facial injuries, there were many problems to further explore in forensic expertise.