河南省栽培平菇品种的种质资源评价

Evaluation of germplasm resources with cultivated Pleurotus spp. strains in Henan Province

通过拮抗试验,将供试的61个菌株划分为13个营养亲和群,酯酶同工酶电泳显示同一营养亲和群的菌株其同工酶带型一致.而从13个营养亲和群中分别选出1个菌株,酯酶同工酶分析,具有丰富的多态性;ISSR扩增共获得106个位点,多态性位点比例(P)为95.4%;对13个菌株进行ITS扩增,扩增片段测序比对结果表明,13个菌株中1株为糙皮侧耳(Pleurotus ostreatus)、1株为肺形侧耳(Pleurotus pulm onarius)、4株为佛罗里达侧耳(Pleurotus florida)、7株为白黄侧耳(Pleurotus cornucopiae).栽培试验结果表明,13个菌株之间子实体形态差异较大,分别属于侧耳属不同的品种;而同一营养亲和群的菌株之间子实体形态无明显差异.研究表明,河南省现常用的61个栽培平菇品种属于13个营养亲和群,4个侧耳类型,它们之间有丰富的遗传多样性.

Using the methods of antagonism reaction,esterase isozyme electrophoresis analysis,ISSR and ITS sequence analysis,studies on the taxonomic identification and genetic diversity were conducted with the 61 cultivated Pleurotus spp.strains in Henan province.They were divided into 13 vegetative compatibility groups according to antagonism reaction.The esterase isozyme electrophoresis analysis showed that the isozymograms of the non-antagonism strains showed no difference.However,the esterase isozymograms of 13 strains chosen from 13 vegetative compatibility groups were different.106 loci were amplified through ISSR augmented,and the percentage of polymorphism loci（P） was 95.4%.The sequence amplified from the 13 chosen strains with ITS primer blasted and showed that one of the 13 strains is Pleurotus ostreatus,4 strains are Pleurotus florida,1 strain is Pleurotus pulmonarius and 7 strains are Pleurotus conucopinus.The results of cultivation indicated that the morphological characteristics of these 13 strains were significantly different and they can be separated into different species of Pleurotus,but no obvious difference was observed in the strains in the same vegetative compatibility groups.The results showed that 61 cultivated Pleurotus spp.strains in Henan Province belong to 13 vegetative compatibility groups in four Pleurotus types,besides,with a rich genetic diversity.