不同用途杏品种群的AFLP分析

Genetic analysis of apricot(Armeniaca) by fluorescent-AFLP markers

利用荧光AFLP技术,对49个隶属于不同用途的杏种质资源的遗传多样性和群体遗传结构进行了研究,结果表明,8对EcoRⅠ/PstⅠ引物平均扩增多态带数量为183.9,平均多态带百分比为85.1%,揭示了杏资源丰富的遗传多样性。杏资源在个体间的Nei’s基因多样度(H=0.184)、Shannon信息指数(I=0.295)、观测等位基因数(Na=1.851)和有效等位基因数(Ne=1.294)都显著高于群体水平。在群体水平上,杂种杏品种类群的4个遗传变异参数都高于其他4个类群,遗传变异度最大。5个品种类群的遗传分化系数(Gst=0.267 9)显示,杏资源的遗传变异主要存在于群体内,占总变异的73.21%。仁用杏品种类群和观赏杏品种类群之间的遗传关系最近(遗传一致度IN=0.985 0,遗传距离D=0.015 1),鲜食加工兼用品种类群与其他4个类群的遗传关系比较结果显示,其与杂种杏品种类群间遗传关系最近(IN=0.946 3;D=0.056 5)。UPGMA聚类分析结果表明,以0.537为阈值将49份材料分为3个大类,第(1)类全部是鲜食加工兼用杏品种;第(2)类由全部仁用杏品种和全部观赏杏品种组成;第(3)类包括引进的3个品种和全部9个杂种杏。

In order to determine the genetic structure and genotypic diversity among the different apricot cultivar groups classified according to the use purpose,population genetic structure of 49 apricot accessions was studied using fluorescent-AFLP markers.The results showed that the average number of polymorphic loci was 183.9,the percentage of polymorphic loci was 85.1% by 8 pairs of PstⅠ/ MseⅠprimers in common apricot of five groups.Nei＇s gene diversity（H=0.184）,Shannon information index（I= 0.295）,observed number of alleles（Na=1.851）,and effective number of alleles（Ne=1.294） at species level were higher than ones at group level with significant differences.At group level,the four parameters of the cross-breeding cultivar group were all higher than ones of other four groups.Genetic differentiation coefficient（Gst=0.267 9） for four apricot groups showed that apricot genetic variation was mainly within the groups and accounted for 73.21% of total variations.Nei＇s unbiased measure of genetic identity（IN） and genetic distance（D） were evaluated and the results showed that the genetic similarity between cultivar group for kernel consuming and ornamenting cultivar group was the highest（IN=0.985 0,D=0.015 1）.Compared for other four groups,the cultivar group for flesh and processing was the most close to the cross-breeding cultivar group in genetic distance（IN=0.946 3;D=0.056 5）.AFLP markers were used in cluster analysis with UPGMA and three groups of similar accessions were identified when the coefficient was 0.537：（ⅰ） the group for flesh market and processing,（ⅱ） the proup for kernel consuming and ornamenting cultivar group and（ⅲ） the group including 3 introduced cultivar and 9 cross-breeding accessions.