超声破解吸持重/黏油土壤研究进展

Review on Ultrasonic Disintegration of Heavy/Viscous Oil-bearing Soil

超声引起气穴的产生、加热、液体介质或悬浮液的激烈搅动,并激活化学过程及提高温度和传质进程,比较适合重/稠油等含高沥青质且流动性低的污染物与环境介质的相互分离。本文介绍了声化学作用的基本原理,并对国内外采用超声技术净化重/稠油污染土壤技术研究状况及存在问题进行了分析归纳,认为作为沥青的极性成分与碱性试剂的声化学反应结果,可以形成一具有表面活性特征的分离剂。超声波有利于异位化学淋洗在细粒土或高含粘土颗粒石油污染土壤修复中的应用。

Power ultrasound causes cavitation,heating,and intense agitation of a liquid medium or suspension,and activates chemical processes and enhances heat and mass transfer processes.Ultrasonic vibrations penetrate into different regions of a multiphase system and reach the areas of the interface（small cracks,closed pores） that are inaccessible in other separation methods（conventional methods）.Function principle of somochemistry was presented in this paper.The research status with ultrasonic decontaminating heavy/viscous oil-bearing soil and problems were analyzed.It is suggested that as a result of the sonochemical reaction of the polar components of bitumen with the alkaline reagent,a separating agent with surface-active properties was formed.Ultrasonic is beneficial to the appliance of chemical washing in the remediation of heavy/viscous oil contaminated fine soil or soil granule with high clay concentration.