超临界流体制备金属基纳米微粒的现状与展望

Present and Prospect of Supercritical Fluid for Preparing Metal Matrix Nanoparticles

超临界流体技术是一门发展迅速、应用广泛的新技术。综述了超临界流体制备金属基纳米微粒的方法:超临界快速膨胀、超临界反溶剂、超临界水热合成、超临界干燥和超临界CO2微乳液,介绍了上述方法的原理、影响因素、特点、可行性及在制备金属基纳米微粒中的应用现状,分析了当前存在的问题,并展望了其今后的发展。

Supercritical fluid technology is a new kind of technology, it is developing rapidly and has an extensive application. The methods of using supercritical fluid to prepare metal matrix nanoparticles are reviewed, including rapid expansion of supercritical solutions, supercritical antisolvent processes, supercritical fluid hydrothermal synthesis, supercritical fluid drying and supercritical carbon dioxide microemulsion. The principles, influencing factors, features, feasibilities and application situations of above methods on preparing metal matrix nanoparticles are described, the present problems are analyzed, and the prospects are also presented.