英语语音意识在汉语儿童英语单词阅读及拼写中的作用

The Roles of Phonological Awareness in English Word Reading and Spelling among Mandarin-speaking Children

本研究考察了英语语音意识在小学汉语儿童英语单词读写学习中的作用。对189名小学儿童的研究表明:(1)一、二、五年级在首音和韵脚意识上差异显著;在音位意识上,一、二年级差异不显著,五年级显著高于其他两个年级;(2)各年级儿童的语音意识与其英语单词读写均存在显著相关;(3)控制英语口语词汇量后,一年级的首音意识显著解释其单词读写的变异,二年级的首音意识显著解释其单词拼写的变异,五年级的音位意识显著解释其单词读写的变异;(4)各年级的语音意识对单词拼写较之于阅读都具有更强的变异解释力。可见,小学汉语儿童的英语语音意识与其单词读写存在密切联系,语音意识与拼写的关系相对更为紧密;首音意识对早期读写发展具有重要意义,而音位意识在后期读写学习中的作用更为突出。

The study examined the roles of phonological awareness in Mandarin-speaking children＇s English words reading and spelling in primary school. The results from 189 first,second and fifth graders indicated that：1） there were significant differences among three grades on English onset and rime awareness. Significant differences were also found between the students at the fifth grade and those at the other two grades but not between the first and second graders on phoneme awareness. 2） Phonological awareness was correlated to reading and spelling significantly in all three grades. 3） After controlling for English oral vocabulary,onset awareness predicted first graders’ reading and spelling and second graders’ spelling significantly,whereas it was phoneme awareness that predicted fifth graders’ reading and spelling significantly. English phonological awareness significantly accounted for more variances of reading than spelling in all three grades. The study revealed the importance of English phonological awareness in children＇s reading and spelling,particularly in their spelling. Onset awareness plays a more important role in children＇s early English literacy development,whereas phoneme awareness may be more crucial in their later learning.