革新开放以来越南华人政策的调整与实践

Adjustment and implementation of the policies towards ethnic Chinese in Vietnam since the renovation and opening-up

革新开放以来,越南在经济、政治、教育三方面逐步调整了其华人政策并形成了一个比较稳定的政策框架:经济上接纳,政治上限制,教育上同化。该政策使越南充分利用了华人的经济与社会资源,促进了越南的经济发展,也使华人在越南的经济处境大为改善。但华人在政治上仍受到诸多限制,迄今仍未能成为越南民族大家庭中真正平等的一员,这是由越南既要利用华人发展经济又对华人心存疑虑这一矛盾逻辑决定的。

Since the renovation and opening-up,Vietnam has adjusted its policies towards ethnic Chinese in three aspects and gradually formed a more stable framework of ethnic Chinese policies： accepting ethnic Chinese in economy,constraining them in politics,and assimilating them in education.These policies allow Vietnam to take best advantage of the social and economic resources of ethnic Chinese,who have not only promoted the economic development in Vietnam but also improved their own economic conditions.So far,ethnic Chinese are still politically clogged with restrictions,not being able to enjoy their due right as a member of the great family in Vietnam.Vietnam needs ethnic Chinese to develop its economy,but doubts their loyalty.The policies towards ethnic Chinese are the result of a sense of doubt and lack of trust on the part of Vietnam.